List of Subaru engines

Subaru uses a four or five character code to identify all of their engines.[1]

Contents

Two Cylinder

EK

The EK series is a straight twin two-stroke cycle with early air-cooled versions later replaced with water-cooled configurations in 1971. The engine was upgraded to a four-stroke SOHC in 1973 to meet Japanese Government emission regulations.

The (Japanese: Subaru EK series) was used from 1958 until 1989 in most Kei car models.

Two-strokes

Air Cooled two-stroke

Used in the Subaru 360 (1958–1968) and Sambar (1961–1970).

Used in the Subaru 450 (MAIA) Japan & North America (1960–66)

Used in the Subaru R-2 1969-1971 and Subaru Sambar 1970-1973

Water Cooled Two-stroke cycle

Used in the Subaru R-2 1971.10-1972.07, Subaru Rex 1972.07-1973.10, Subaru Sambar 1973.02-1976.02

Four-strokes

Water Cooled four-stroke SOHC with SEEC emissions system (later SEEC-T), alloy block and head.[2]

Used in the Subaru Rex K22 from 1973.10–1976.05, Subaru Sambar February 1976-May 1976

Used in the Subaru Rex 1976.05–1977.05, Subaru Sambar May 1976-March 1977

Used in the Subaru Rex from 1977.05–1989, Subaru Sambar 1977-1990

Used in the Subaru Rex Viki from 1986 to 1989, Subaru Sambar 1989-1990

Used in the Subaru Rex Combi (1983–1986)

Used in the Subaru Rex VX (1986–1989)

Used in the Subaru Rex Supercharger (1988–1989)

Used in the Subaru Rex and Sambar/700 (export only, 1982–1989)

Three Cylinder

The EF series engine is a liquid-cooled three-cylinder, four-stroke, with SOHC. It is not compliant with Japanese Government regulations concerning displacement of kei cars with a current maximum limit of 660 cc. The EF appeared while the EK was being replaced by the EN05.

Subaru EF engine

Four Cylinder

All of Subaru's four-cylinder engines (except the EN series) are liquid-cooled, horizontally opposed boxer four-strokes.

Subaru EA engine

The EA was used from 1966 until 1994 in most models. It is a basic two-valve-per-cylinder design with siamese ports and three main crankshaft bearings. Engines with overhead camshafts were installed with two timing belts, whereas vehicles with overhead valves used timing gears exclusively.

Subaru EE engine (diesel)

Subaru unveiled the world's first boxer diesel engine to be fitted in a passenger car at the Geneva autoshow in 2007. This 2.0L DOHC engine, called the EE20,[3] has 147HP and 258 lb-ft of torque, 3 main bearings and was released in Europe in 2008.

Subaru EJ engine

The EJ engine was introduced in the 1989 Subaru Legacy to replace the EA engines. It was designed from scratch with five main crankshaft bearings and four valves per cylinder and can be either SOHC or DOHC and one serpentine timing belt. The fifth digit is the only way to tell without seeing the engine.

Generally the EJ-series can be divided into two versions: the Phase I engines (1989–1998) and the Phase II engines (1999–2010). The Phase II engines featured new cylinder heads and crankshafts with the thrust bearing located at crank bearing #5 instead of #3. The designation also changed from Phase I to Phase II. All Phase I engines have an alphanumerical suffix behind the standard EJXX designation, all Phase II engines have a numerical suffex behind the EJXX designation. Example:

Phase I: EJ15E, EJ15J, EJ16E, EJ18E, EJ20D, EJ20E, EJ20G, EJ20H, EJ20J, EJ20R, EJ20K, EJ25D

Phase II: EJ151, EJ161, EJ181, EJ201, EJ202, EJ203, EJ204, EJ205, EJ206, EJ207, EJ208, EJ251, EJ252, EJ253, EJ254, EJ255, EJ257

Subaru EL engine

The (Japanese: Subaru EL engine) replaced the EJ15 and is used in the JDM Subaru Impreza 1.5R (series GD, GG, GE, GH) starting with model year 2006. It is based on the EJ engine and shares many components, like the crankshaft from the EJ25. It has DOHC cylinder heads with AVCS variable valve timing on the intake.[4][5]

Subaru EN engine

The Subaru EN straight-4 engine was introduced in 1988 to replace the straight-two EK series engine that was originally engineered as an air-cooled engine and then was modified as a water-cooled engine used in the 1969-1972 Subaru R-2. The EN is used in all kei cars and kei trucks currently in production by Subaru.

Subaru FB engine

(Japanese: Subaru FB engine) New generation boxer engine announced on 23 September 2010.[6] The Subaru FB engine is entirely new as of 2010. Subaru aims to reduce emission and improve fuel economy. The key is to increase and broaden torque output. Subaru increases the stroke but decreased the bore.

The FB has an all new block and head. It now has DOHC, with intake and exhaust variable valve timing (AVCS - Active Valve Control System), and timing chain that replaced the timing belt. Moving to chain-driven cams is said to allow the valves to be placed at a narrower angle to each other and shrink the bore of cylinder from 99.5 mm to 94. It results in less unburned fuel during cold starts, thereby reducing emission. Subaru is able to maintain the exterior dimension substantially unchanged by asymmetrical connecting rods like those in EZ36. The FB is only marginally heavier. Car and Driver is told direct injection will be added soon. Subaru claims a 28-percent reduction in friction losses, mainly due to lighter pistons and connecting rods.[7][8] The FB has a 10% increase in gas mileage with the power coming on sooner and the torque band being broader.

Rated at: 84 kW (115PS) @5,600 rpm, 150 Nm (15.3 kgm) @4,000 rpm in (2012+ EUDM Impreza XV 1.6i)
Rated at: 109 kW (148PS) @6,000 rpm, 196 Nm (20 kgm) @4,200 rpm in (2011+ JDM Subaru Forester)[9],
Rated at: 145 hp, 145 ft-lb (2012+ Subaru Impreza)
Rated at: 170 hp, 174 ft-lb @ 4,100 rpm (2011+ North American Subaru Forester[10])

Subaru FA engine

As of November 2011, the FA is Subaru's high output engine. It shares little in common with the FB engine, with a different; block, head, connecting rods, and pistons. The FA also features direct injection (from Toyota) and variable valve timing. It is used in the Subaru BRZ, Toyota 86 and the Scion FR-S.[11]

Rated at: 149.2 kW (200PS) @7,450 rpm

Six Cylinder

All of Subaru's six-cylinder engines are of a liquid-cooled, Flat-6 four-stroke design.

Subaru ER engine

(Japanese: Subaru ER27) Subaru introduced its first six-cylinder engine in its Subaru XT sports car. This SOHC engine was based on the EA82, with two cylinders added to the back.

Subaru EG engine

The (Japanese: Subaru EG33) engine was a direct replacement for the ER engine. The ER had been used only in the Subaru XT6, which was being replaced by the Subaru Alcyone SVX, and the company took the opportunity to create a new engine based on the more modern EJ rather than the EA engine series. As with the ER27, Subaru took the EJ22 and stretched it two cylinders to make the new EG33. However, this four-valves-per-cylinder engine was DOHC, and valvetrain parts came from the not yet released EJ25D.

Subaru EZ engine

The (Japanese: Subaru EZ series) was introduced in 1999 in the Japanese market, in the Subaru Outback, and in 2000 in the United States market. It is a flat-six, 24-valve, quad cam motor with an aluminium block and heads. The number of exhaust ports per cylinder varies. It is available in EZ30 and EZ36 variants. The later EZ30D used from 2003 to 2009 was heavily updated from the early EZ30D used from 2001 to 2003. It received new cylinder heads with 3 exhaust ports per head and variable intake valve timing. All use dual timing chains and coil-on-plug ignition.

Notes

  1. ^ Michael Knowling (April 2, 2004). "2004 Engine Epic - Subaru Engines". AutoSpeed Magazine. http://www.autospeed.com/cms/A_2093/printArticle.html. Retrieved 2009-06-30. 
  2. ^ Braunschweig, Robert, ed (March 14, 1974). Automobil Revue '74. 69. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag SA. p. 483. 
  3. ^ "The New Subaru EE20 Boxer Turbo Diesel, In Detail". Jalopnik. 2008-04-23. http://jalopnik.com/383023/the-new-subaru-ee20-boxer-turbo-diesel-in-detail. Retrieved 2010-12-08. 
  4. ^ Subaru Technical Journal, No. 34 published in June 2007
  5. ^ Subaru Technical Journal, No. 33 issue published in June, 2006
  6. ^ http://www.fhi.co.jp/english/contents/pdf_en_60853.pdf FHI Press Information, 23 Sep 2010
  7. ^ K.C. Colwell. "Examining Subaru's New FB-series Flat-Four". Car and Driver (Jan 2011 issue). http://www.caranddriver.com/news/car/11q1/examining_subaru_s_new_fb-series_flat-four-car_news. 
  8. ^ Richard Bremner (2011-01-17). "Subaru Forester 2.0 XS review". AutoCar. http://www.autocar.co.uk/CarReviews/FirstDrives/Subaru-Forester-2.0-XS/255245/. 
  9. ^ http://www.subaru.com.au/about-subaru/news/breaking-news/2010/09/23/subaru-boxer-punches-harder/ Subaru Australia Breaking News, 23 Sep 2010
  10. ^ http://www.carsguide.com.au/site/news-and-reviews/car-news/subaru_reveals_new_boxer_engine CarsGuide, 28 Sep 2010
  11. ^ Mark Vaughn. "Subaru shows production version of the BRZ". Autoweek.com. http://www.autoweek.com/article/20111129/TOKYO/111129910. 
  12. ^ WardsAuto.com, May 1, 2007

See also

External links

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